I am studying the MEMS microphone recently, and found this model ( axisymmetric condenser microphone; Application ID: 12377). Based on my understanding, the resonant frequency of the membrane should be far beyond the working frequency range of the microphone, and the result of the model shows its natural frequency is around 80 kHz. However, when I just simulate the eigenfreq of the membrane ( some dimension and material properties), the natural freq is only around 4 kHz. Can anyone help to clarify this? Many thanks
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Natural frequency of axisymmetric condenser microphone
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Diffusion through a boundary - COMSOL 3.2
Hello all,
I am modeling a 3D diffusion problem which primarily consists of a circular boundary constrained to a concentration of zero, surrounded by a much larger sphere with boundaries constrained to a given constant concentration value. I am seeking to identify the flux through the circular boundary, by using the Boundary Integration function at the circular boundary, as well as by creating an arrow plot which creates a "mesh" of arrows in a square-shaped layer just above the boundary.
In order to verify that the model is behaving as it should, I created a similar model with the circular boundary being doubled in radius (and thus quadrupled in area), expecting to see the flux value be quadrupled as well. However, the flux value has only doubled, and by the arrow plot, the flux value of elements in the middle of the circular boundary is half of what it was in the smaller case. I cannot come up with any explanation for this, and was hoping that someone with a better understanding of what the program is doing here might be able to explain this behavior.
Thanks!
I am modeling a 3D diffusion problem which primarily consists of a circular boundary constrained to a concentration of zero, surrounded by a much larger sphere with boundaries constrained to a given constant concentration value. I am seeking to identify the flux through the circular boundary, by using the Boundary Integration function at the circular boundary, as well as by creating an arrow plot which creates a "mesh" of arrows in a square-shaped layer just above the boundary.
In order to verify that the model is behaving as it should, I created a similar model with the circular boundary being doubled in radius (and thus quadrupled in area), expecting to see the flux value be quadrupled as well. However, the flux value has only doubled, and by the arrow plot, the flux value of elements in the middle of the circular boundary is half of what it was in the smaller case. I cannot come up with any explanation for this, and was hoping that someone with a better understanding of what the program is doing here might be able to explain this behavior.
Thanks!
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spring function
Hi, I need help. I´ve applieda variable spring constant having dependence to a spring extension, but seems that only gets the first k value, I´ve use comsol 4.4 ¿Can any one figure out why doesnt work? This is my global variable probe: if(ppb1<0.01,27500000,if(ppb1<0.05,0.001,20340000))
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Low usage of CPU and RAM for runing application methods
I have a new Dell workstation with 24 cores and 128 G memory to run a model on the COMSOL Application builder. However, in most of time, it uses less than 10% of the CPU and memory when running application methods. For example, it could take more than 5 minutes to run a simple for-loop with about 50,000 iterations in a method but only 5% CPU and 10% memory were used. The same for-loop can be completed within less than 10 seconds in MatLAB. If I run the multiphysics model directly without the use of the application builder, it used 60-70% CPU at most of time. Please advise me how to increase the use of the CPU and RAM available to decrease the computational time.
Thanks!
Thanks!
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Coupling Heat Transfer w/ RF Module
Hi
I am wondering if it is possible to use the RF module as a heating source, similar to the tutorial model that uses joule heating. I am attempting to do so, but I keep running in to this error.
Failed to evaluate variable Jacobian.
- Variable: freq
- Geometry: 1
- Domain: 1
I think that means that there is some kind of an undefined variable in Domain 1, but when I look at the specified material, all the properties are defined.
Any help at all is much appreciated. Thank you.
I am wondering if it is possible to use the RF module as a heating source, similar to the tutorial model that uses joule heating. I am attempting to do so, but I keep running in to this error.
Failed to evaluate variable Jacobian.
- Variable: freq
- Geometry: 1
- Domain: 1
I think that means that there is some kind of an undefined variable in Domain 1, but when I look at the specified material, all the properties are defined.
Any help at all is much appreciated. Thank you.
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Limiting current from Rotating Disk Electrode - Simulation doesn't match theory
I am having an problem getting a value for the current at an electrode, that is being rotated in solution, that would be expected from theory.
The Levich equation ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levich_equation ) models the diffusion and solution flow conditions around a Rotating disk electrode (RDE). The Levich equation gives the height of the sigmoidal wave observed in rotating disk voltammetry, or the limiting current. The limiting current can be approached, for example, by increasing the electric potential or decreasing the rate of mass transfer to the electrode. The RDE reduces the rate of mass transfer through induced flux and is equivalent to a silent solution at steady state.
I began with model library. I found the microdisk volatmmetry model. This model shows the limiting current as the applied potential is changed.
The Levich equation ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levich_equation ) models the diffusion and solution flow conditions around a Rotating disk electrode (RDE). The Levich equation gives the height of the sigmoidal wave observed in rotating disk voltammetry, or the limiting current. The limiting current can be approached, for example, by increasing the electric potential or decreasing the rate of mass transfer to the electrode. The RDE reduces the rate of mass transfer through induced flux and is equivalent to a silent solution at steady state.
I began with model library. I found the microdisk volatmmetry model. This model shows the limiting current as the applied potential is changed.
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Limiting current from Rotating Disk Electrode - Simulation doesn't match theory
I am having an problem getting a value for the current at an electrode, that is being rotated in solution, that would be expected from theory.
The Levich equation ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levich_equation ) models the diffusion and solution flow conditions around a Rotating disk electrode (RDE). The Levich equation gives the height of the sigmoidal wave observed in rotating disk voltammetry, or the limiting current. The limiting current can be approached, for example, by increasing the electric potential or decreasing the rate of mass transfer to the electrode. The RDE reduces the rate of mass transfer through induced flux and is equivalent to a silent solution at steady state.
I began with model library. I found the microdisk volatmmetry model. This model shows the limiting current as the applied potential is changed. I added swirl flow and got rid of the infinite boundary domain because the laminar flow physics did not allow me to select it. I am integrating the local current density along the electrode and revolving around the z axis (elan.iloc_er1*r*pi*2). this does not match the expected solution from the Levich equation. Also the current applied will result in the maximum current for this system.
What am I doing wrong? I've been at this for a while and have had no luck at all.
The Levich equation ( en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levich_equation ) models the diffusion and solution flow conditions around a Rotating disk electrode (RDE). The Levich equation gives the height of the sigmoidal wave observed in rotating disk voltammetry, or the limiting current. The limiting current can be approached, for example, by increasing the electric potential or decreasing the rate of mass transfer to the electrode. The RDE reduces the rate of mass transfer through induced flux and is equivalent to a silent solution at steady state.
I began with model library. I found the microdisk volatmmetry model. This model shows the limiting current as the applied potential is changed. I added swirl flow and got rid of the infinite boundary domain because the laminar flow physics did not allow me to select it. I am integrating the local current density along the electrode and revolving around the z axis (elan.iloc_er1*r*pi*2). this does not match the expected solution from the Levich equation. Also the current applied will result in the maximum current for this system.
What am I doing wrong? I've been at this for a while and have had no luck at all.
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Modal analysis of a membrane
Hi everyone,
I am interested in finding mode shapes for a membrane and also its frequency response.
I went about two ways, first i just just the solid mechanics module to check out the mode shapes for a frequency domain say 1-5 kHz.
second, i had the same geometry but used acoustic structural interaction module and found out frequency response at a point certain distance away from the membrane.
The anomaly that i saw was the mode shapes in both these analysis were different.In the first one it was symmetric but in the second it wasn't.
Shouldn't the mode shapes be the same?
I am interested in finding mode shapes for a membrane and also its frequency response.
I went about two ways, first i just just the solid mechanics module to check out the mode shapes for a frequency domain say 1-5 kHz.
second, i had the same geometry but used acoustic structural interaction module and found out frequency response at a point certain distance away from the membrane.
The anomaly that i saw was the mode shapes in both these analysis were different.In the first one it was symmetric but in the second it wasn't.
Shouldn't the mode shapes be the same?
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state space export
Hi,
I'm trying to export a state space model for the microresistor beam example. Can anyone tell me how to export a state space model of the displacement as a function of temperature? A tutorial in 4.1 would also be helpful.
Thanks
I'm trying to export a state space model for the microresistor beam example. Can anyone tell me how to export a state space model of the displacement as a function of temperature? A tutorial in 4.1 would also be helpful.
Thanks
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Coupling Matrix Values
Hi All,
I am new to comsol. I cannot find the answer to what Coupling matrix indicates. I am trying to solve for a geometry with piezoelectric and a liquid medium boundary where i need to enter the value of coupling matrix which is a 3X6 matrix. I am unable also to find the values for a coupling between PZT5H and water. SO if i enter a Zero matrix as a coupling matrix what does it signify?
Any light on this would be extremely helpful!
This is my first post to the COMSOL community - I hope this gets solved.
Thanks,
Megha
I am new to comsol. I cannot find the answer to what Coupling matrix indicates. I am trying to solve for a geometry with piezoelectric and a liquid medium boundary where i need to enter the value of coupling matrix which is a 3X6 matrix. I am unable also to find the values for a coupling between PZT5H and water. SO if i enter a Zero matrix as a coupling matrix what does it signify?
Any light on this would be extremely helpful!
This is my first post to the COMSOL community - I hope this gets solved.
Thanks,
Megha
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Cantilever beam fracture
Hi Everybody
I have a question regarding analysis of deflection of the cantilever beam.
As it is clear, If I apply a small force on tip of the cantilever it will deflect. However in simulation I don't know how I can evaluate if the deflection (or applied force) is small enough to avoid fracture (breaking) of the beam. [beam dimensions are as follow: Length 500 to 100 um , width 30 to 50 um, thickness 0.7 um] and the force is in range of 100 pN
Can anybody give me some idea?
-I went through some mechanical books and they said the maximum stress that a material can tolerate before fracture is equal to yield stress (or fracture strength), but i don't know in my simulation I should compare which parameter with yield stress.
I have a question regarding analysis of deflection of the cantilever beam.
As it is clear, If I apply a small force on tip of the cantilever it will deflect. However in simulation I don't know how I can evaluate if the deflection (or applied force) is small enough to avoid fracture (breaking) of the beam. [beam dimensions are as follow: Length 500 to 100 um , width 30 to 50 um, thickness 0.7 um] and the force is in range of 100 pN
Can anybody give me some idea?
-I went through some mechanical books and they said the maximum stress that a material can tolerate before fracture is equal to yield stress (or fracture strength), but i don't know in my simulation I should compare which parameter with yield stress.
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Define a Mixed (cauthy) boundary condition for Richards Equation(subsurface flow) in COMSOL 4.3
I read some paper, in the old version of COMSOL, we can choose a Mixed boundary condition (mix of Dirichlet, Newman and Cauchy conditions). in order to automatically transfer the boundary condition form pressure head to Flux, or Flux to pressure head.
But in the new version of COMSOL 4.2 or 4.3, I can not found that kind of setting, could anybody tell me how to define a mixed boundary condition, for complex infiltration problem. The situation is, if the flux is very large, the surface boundary condition is set initially a Flux boundary condition, but once the surface pressure head is larger then 0, then the boundary condition should transfer from Flux boundary condition to pressure head boundary condition.
Could any expert have some suggestion? I appreciate for your help.
But in the new version of COMSOL 4.2 or 4.3, I can not found that kind of setting, could anybody tell me how to define a mixed boundary condition, for complex infiltration problem. The situation is, if the flux is very large, the surface boundary condition is set initially a Flux boundary condition, but once the surface pressure head is larger then 0, then the boundary condition should transfer from Flux boundary condition to pressure head boundary condition.
Could any expert have some suggestion? I appreciate for your help.
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problems when running a .class file from the command line on linux
Hello,
I have a java application which can be controlled using command line arguments (if it is started from the Desktop, or with no command line args, it pops up a dialog where I can give these command line args). It runs fine on Windows either from the Desktop or from the command line. It runs fine on linux from the COMSOL Desktop, but when I run it from the command line like this:
java -cp "/usr/local/comsol44/plugins/*:." MyApp -cmd -line -args
then I get the error message below. If I run it using
comsol batch -inputfile MyApp
then it runs fine (and I can provide the lacking command line args in the dialog that it pops up automatically). But I would like to be able to provide command line arguments directly on the command line, which I can not do using 'comsol batch'.
What should I check? Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to something?
Thank you
Exception:
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Lcom/comsol/nativejni/CPointer;I)V
(rethrown as com.comsol.util.exceptions.FlException)
Messages:
com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Lcom/comsol/nativejni/CPointer;I)V
Stack trace:
at com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Native Method)
at com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.nativemph.geom.Geom3.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.method.GeomSequenceMethod.setEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.doSetEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.setEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.method.GeomSequenceMethod.doInitialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.doInitialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.ModelEntityImpl.initialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl.doCreate(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl.a(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl$1.a(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl$1.execute(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.clientserver.ClientManager$1.call(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
I have a java application which can be controlled using command line arguments (if it is started from the Desktop, or with no command line args, it pops up a dialog where I can give these command line args). It runs fine on Windows either from the Desktop or from the command line. It runs fine on linux from the COMSOL Desktop, but when I run it from the command line like this:
java -cp "/usr/local/comsol44/plugins/*:." MyApp -cmd -line -args
then I get the error message below. If I run it using
comsol batch -inputfile MyApp
then it runs fine (and I can provide the lacking command line args in the dialog that it pops up automatically). But I would like to be able to provide command line arguments directly on the command line, which I can not do using 'comsol batch'.
What should I check? Set LD_LIBRARY_PATH to something?
Thank you
Exception:
java.lang.UnsatisfiedLinkError: com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Lcom/comsol/nativejni/CPointer;I)V
(rethrown as com.comsol.util.exceptions.FlException)
Messages:
com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Lcom/comsol/nativejni/CPointer;I)V
Stack trace:
at com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.createGeom3(Native Method)
at com.comsol.nativejni.geom.Geom3.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.nativemph.geom.Geom3.<init>(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.method.GeomSequenceMethod.setEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.doSetEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.setEmptyGeom(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.method.GeomSequenceMethod.doInitialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomSequenceImpl.doInitialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.ModelEntityImpl.initialize(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl.doCreate(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl.a(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl$1.a(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.internal.impl.GeomListImpl$1.execute(Unknown Source)
at com.comsol.model.clientserver.ClientManager$1.call(Unknown Source)
at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:262)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:744)
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meshing metals intelligently in rf problems
From what I’ve been able to figure out, COMSOL doesn’t really know how to mesh bulk metals (where the minimum dimensions are much greater than the rf skin depth) intelligently. There is no rf field inside bulk metals, so it shouldn’t be necessary to mesh the metals – other than their surfaces.
Yes, it is in principle possible to exclude all of the interior of bulk metals from the problem, mesh the rest of the problem, define the boundaries between the bulk metals and the rest of the problem as impedance boundaries, and get it to work. I have gotten this to work on simple problems, where there may be a dozen or so domains and only a few simple bulk metal parts to be excluded from the problem. But there doesn’t seem to be a practical method of doing this where there are hundreds of complex metal parts, thousands of surfaces, many ports, etc.
I’ve tried boundary layer meshing on some complex parts, but this feature seems to be directed at CFD problems, and seems much worse than free tetrahedral for bulk metals in rf problems. Sweeping surfaces also seems to be prohibitively complex when dealing with a large number of very complex geometries.
My real problem is that I’m trying to substantially reduce the number of mesh elements in an extremely complex rf/microwave problem. I’m currently at ~10M DOFs, and it may grow to more than 50M DOFs before I’m through with it if I can’t figure out an easy way to exclude all of the metal parts from the problem.
Our geometry includes a lot of various shaped small metal and ceramic parts, surrounded by air (or vacuum). The only way we’ve gotten satisfactory meshes thus far has been to first mesh all the small parts (in some carefully chosen magical order) and then mesh the surrounding vacuum space.
It would be great if there was a simple method of telling COMSOL to just mesh the boundaries of a selected domain with a triangular mesh (with suitable controls), make those surfaces impedance boundaries, and exclude that domain from the emw solver. That would probably allow us to get working meshes with at least 30% fewer mesh elements, and that is a huge deal when we’re talking about more than 5M mesh elements.
Is there some way to do this, that I’ve missed? If not, it seems this is a capability COMSOL should be working on adding.
David
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curved tube
Hi COMSOL.
I am struggling a bit with creating a 3D tube in COMSOL v4.3a. I try to use sweep upon a parametric line but keep getting a warning of a face missing. I have made it in CAD but no matter which file I save it as COMSOL cannot detect any of the CAD files, like .iges and all other's from CAD v2014.
Any suggestions in how to export a CAD file to COMSOL, or import a CAD file in COMSOL?
Thanks
Lasse
I am struggling a bit with creating a 3D tube in COMSOL v4.3a. I try to use sweep upon a parametric line but keep getting a warning of a face missing. I have made it in CAD but no matter which file I save it as COMSOL cannot detect any of the CAD files, like .iges and all other's from CAD v2014.
Any suggestions in how to export a CAD file to COMSOL, or import a CAD file in COMSOL?
Thanks
Lasse
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Permanent magnet linear generator
Hello Expert
I am trying to model a Permanent magnet linear generator.
I need some help in doing the variables and boundaries.
I will be very thankful if i can contact anyone who can help me doing it.
I am trying to model a Permanent magnet linear generator.
I need some help in doing the variables and boundaries.
I will be very thankful if i can contact anyone who can help me doing it.
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Integration of Poynting Vector to determine Scattering Cross
Hi,
I am trying to determine scattering cross section of a silicon sphere. I have seen tutorials in which people have taken surface integrals of "emw.relPoavx*nx+emw.relPoavy*ny+ emw.relPoavz*nz". I want know- what is the difference between ewm.Poavx and emw.relPoavx?
Thanks in advance!
Regards
Nishant
I am trying to determine scattering cross section of a silicon sphere. I have seen tutorials in which people have taken surface integrals of "emw.relPoavx*nx+emw.relPoavy*ny+ emw.relPoavz*nz". I want know- what is the difference between ewm.Poavx and emw.relPoavx?
Thanks in advance!
Regards
Nishant
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Nonlinear behavior in thin elastic layer
Hi, I'm searching for some examples about the "thin elastic layer" option with a nonlinear force per unit area (as function of the extension) of this type: C*(abs(solid.uspring1_tel1))^2*(solid.uspring1_tel1), where C is a constant. Could you help me? Thank you!
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Very Urgent: Piezoelectric Filter Lumped Port Problem
Hi
I am trying to find the s parameters of a mechanically coupled piezoelectric filter with lumped port. But even though I have defined the perfect conductor, I get this error:
Errors during multiphysics.
Uniform lumped port should be placed between two conductive boundaries.
- Feature: Type: Lumped Port
Tag: lport1
Operation: LumpedPort (lport1)
Uniform lumped port should be placed between two conductive boundaries.
- Feature: Type: Lumped Port
Tag: lport2
Operation: LumpedPort (lport2)
Can someone help me please? I attached the file as well.
Thanks
I am trying to find the s parameters of a mechanically coupled piezoelectric filter with lumped port. But even though I have defined the perfect conductor, I get this error:
Errors during multiphysics.
Uniform lumped port should be placed between two conductive boundaries.
- Feature: Type: Lumped Port
Tag: lport1
Operation: LumpedPort (lport1)
Uniform lumped port should be placed between two conductive boundaries.
- Feature: Type: Lumped Port
Tag: lport2
Operation: LumpedPort (lport2)
Can someone help me please? I attached the file as well.
Thanks
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Induced voltages in saddle coils excited by two simple Helmholtz coils - simulation ends in physical impossible results
Dear Sir or Madam,
I already tried to get help for a similar problem in another thread (www.comsol.com/community/forums/general/thread/87301/) but I think more people will see this discussion if I start a new one; especially some new physical impossible effects occured.
I use COMSOL to simulate induced voltages in saddle shaped detection coils (this is the reason why I have to use COMSOL - it is the only real 3D simulation software for which I have a license at the moment). Nirmal Paudel (COMSOL employee) was kind enough to point me to the secret of the electrical conductivity of air which apparently must not be smaller than 1e-1 S/m in my frequency domain study. Otherwise the biconjugate gradient solver does not converge - for whatever reason (I would be very grateful if someone is able to explain me why since the real electrical conductivity of air is in the range of 1e-15 S/m). Like I already described in my referenced post (see above) I was not able to understand the simulation results of my splitted Helmholtz coil model because a symmetric model and a symmetric magnetic field must theoretically end in identical induced voltages in symmetric detection coils - but they're different. I reduced my model to not-splitted Helmholtz coils and at least both induced voltages fit theoretical considerations with respect to the curve trend U = f(freq) but not to the range of values I think. Hereupon I implemented a new (simple and reduced) model (see attached image: coils.png) and the induced voltage in the saddle coils changes its direction over the given frequency range freq = 1kHz up to 25kHz (see the other attached image: induced_voltages_U_freq.png). I will attach my *.mph file and I hope that someone is that kind that she or he will take the time to look into my files. I would be so grateful if someone could show me my big mistakes.
Thank you for your effort in advance,
Sebastian Draack
I already tried to get help for a similar problem in another thread (www.comsol.com/community/forums/general/thread/87301/) but I think more people will see this discussion if I start a new one; especially some new physical impossible effects occured.
I use COMSOL to simulate induced voltages in saddle shaped detection coils (this is the reason why I have to use COMSOL - it is the only real 3D simulation software for which I have a license at the moment). Nirmal Paudel (COMSOL employee) was kind enough to point me to the secret of the electrical conductivity of air which apparently must not be smaller than 1e-1 S/m in my frequency domain study. Otherwise the biconjugate gradient solver does not converge - for whatever reason (I would be very grateful if someone is able to explain me why since the real electrical conductivity of air is in the range of 1e-15 S/m). Like I already described in my referenced post (see above) I was not able to understand the simulation results of my splitted Helmholtz coil model because a symmetric model and a symmetric magnetic field must theoretically end in identical induced voltages in symmetric detection coils - but they're different. I reduced my model to not-splitted Helmholtz coils and at least both induced voltages fit theoretical considerations with respect to the curve trend U = f(freq) but not to the range of values I think. Hereupon I implemented a new (simple and reduced) model (see attached image: coils.png) and the induced voltage in the saddle coils changes its direction over the given frequency range freq = 1kHz up to 25kHz (see the other attached image: induced_voltages_U_freq.png). I will attach my *.mph file and I hope that someone is that kind that she or he will take the time to look into my files. I would be so grateful if someone could show me my big mistakes.
Thank you for your effort in advance,
Sebastian Draack
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